Which flares are required on board a vessel or life raft in addition to distress flares?

The correct answer encompasses the required flares on board a vessel or life raft, which includes handheld, parachute-red, and orange smoke flares in addition to distress flares. Handheld and parachute-red flares are essential for signaling distress and are designed to be visible over long distances, helping rescuers locate individuals in emergency situations effectively.

The inclusion of orange smoke flares adds another layer of signaling capability—these are particularly useful during the day when visibility is high, as they produce a dense cloud of orange smoke to attract attention. This combination of flares enhances the chances of being seen and rescued in various conditions and lighting situations.

Understanding the specific types of flares required not only complies with maritime safety regulations but also ensures that crew members are well equipped to signal for help in case of an emergency. Other types of flares, such as white smoke flares, do not meet the specific needs outlined in the regulations, which aim to provide the most effective means of visual signaling in distress situations.